Tarihsel Süreç İçinde Çocuk

Abstract

Roles, meaning imposed by adults to children has showed changes according to historical periods, cultures and civilizations. In prehistoric period; weak, sick children are being left to die, children born with disabilities was seen as a punishment of supernatural powers. In antiquity; father could sell his child as slave. Boys of the wealthy families while go to school, girls could not go. In the middle ages; child was accepted as ‘miniature adult’. In this age the idea that the child is valued as a person was adopted with the spread of the holy religions. In late middle ages many wars, famine, epidemics occured, many children have died. In the Renaissance and continued the concept of humanism discussed and child has gained importance. Especially in the bourgeois family has established close relationships with children. On the other hand, children was seen as cheap labor in the 19th century that occured of the industrial revolution. Modern age and continue in; child specific some sweets, chocolate, cereals has been discovered, first children’s play area has been established. In 1959 “The Universal Declaration of Rights of the Child” was adopted. Attention was given to the child’s education in the Ottoman Empire. Ceremony was organized called that ‘Amen Regiment, Prayer Regiment’ for the children that it is time to start school. In addition ceremony was made called that ‘Cradle Regiment’ for babies that born to palace life and birth of this baby was welcomed joyfully. In the Republic period feast has given to children as gift by Atatürk who called ‘child’ his loved ones. In this literature review perspective on child and value of given to the child will be scrutinize in the historical process.